For mechanized construction companies, whether the technical condition of the construction machinery is good or not is a direct factor in whether the company can produce normally. In the case of hydraulically driven construction machinery, the normal operation of the hydraulic system is a major indication of its good technical condition. The qualified hydraulic oil is the guarantee for the reliable operation of the hydraulic system. Proper maintenance is the basis for the reliable operation of the hydraulic system. For this reason, based on the work practices, I have made a cursory discussion on the maintenance of hydraulic systems for construction machinery in the general operating environment.
1) Choosing the right hydraulic oil Hydraulic oil plays the role of transmitting pressure, lubricating, cooling and sealing in the hydraulic system. The improper selection of hydraulic oil is the main reason for the early failure and durability of the hydraulic system. The hydraulic oil should be selected according to the grade specified in the random “operating instructionsâ€. When special oils need to be used, the performance should be the same as the original grade. Different brands of hydraulic oil can not be mixed to prevent the hydraulic oil from producing chemical reactions and changing properties. Dark brown, milky, odor-free hydraulic oil is a deteriorating oil and cannot be used.
2) It is the life of the hydraulic system to prevent solid impurities from mixing into the hydraulic system. There are many precision parts in the hydraulic system, some have small holes, some have gaps, and so on. If the solid impurities intruded will cause the precision joints to be damaged, hairpins, oil channel blockage, etc., endanger the safe operation of the hydraulic system. Common solid impurities invade the hydraulic system through: impervious hydraulic oil; impure cleaning tools; inadvertent refueling and maintenance, carelessness; and descaling of hydraulic components. Solid impurities can be prevented from invading the system in the following ways:
3) Maintenance and Cleaning of Hydraulic Oil
A. The hydraulic oil must be filtered and filled during refueling. The refueling tool should be cleaned reliably. It is not possible to remove the filter at the tank filler port in order to increase the refueling speed. Refuelling personnel should use clean gloves and work clothes to prevent solid impurities and fiber impurities from falling into the oil.
B. When dismantling, remove the cover of the hydraulic oil tank, the filter cover, the testing hole, the hydraulic oil pipe, etc., and avoid the dust when the system oil channel is exposed. The dismantling site must be thoroughly cleaned before opening. When disassembling the hydraulic fuel tank cap, remove the dirt around the fuel tank cap. After unscrewing the fuel tank cap, remove any debris that remains in the joint (do not flush it with water to prevent water from seeping into the tank). Make sure that the tank cap can be opened after cleaning. If you need to use the wiping material and the hammer, you should select the wiping material that can not get rid of the fiber impurities and the special hammer that attach the rubber on the striking surface. Hydraulic components, hydraulic hoses should be carefully cleaned, and then assembled with high pressure air. Use a genuine, well-packed filter cartridge (the internal packaging is damaged, and although the filter cartridge is in good condition, it may not be clean). Clean the filter at the same time when changing the oil. Before installing the filter element, clean the inside of the filter case with dirt by using a wiping material.
C. The hydraulic cleaning and cleaning oil of the hydraulic system must use the same hydraulic oil as that used in the system. The oil temperature should be between 45 and 80°C. Use large flow rates to remove impurities from the system as much as possible. The hydraulic system must be cleaned more than three times. After each cleaning, all the oil is released from the system when the oil is hot. After cleaning, clean the filter and replace it with a new one.
4) Prevent air and water from invading the hydraulic system
A. Prevent air intrusion Hydraulic system contains 6~8% volume of air in hydraulic oil at normal pressure and normal temperature. When the pressure decreases, the air will be released from the oil, and the air bubble breaks to make the hydraulic element “cavitation†and generate noise. . The large amount of air entering the oil will increase the phenomenon of “cavitationâ€, increase the compressibility of the hydraulic oil, make the work unstable, reduce the work efficiency, and cause adverse effects such as “crawling†on the actuator. In addition, the air will also oxidize the hydraulic oil and accelerate the deterioration of the oil. Prevent air intrusion should pay attention to the following points:
A1. After repairing and changing the oil, the air in the system must be excluded according to the “Operating Instructions†specified in order to operate normally.
A2. The suction nozzle of the hydraulic pump must not expose the oil surface. The suction pipeline must be sealed well.
A3, the seal of the oil pump drive shaft should be good, should pay attention to replace the oil seal when the "double lip" should be used genuine oil seal, can not be used "single lip" oil seal instead, because "single lip" oil seal can only one-way seal oil, do not have Sealing function. The unit once had a failure after the Liugong ZL50 loader was overhauled, and the hydraulic oil pump experienced continuous “cavitation†noise and the oil tank oil level rose automatically. After consulting the repair process of the hydraulic oil pump, it was discovered that the oil seal of the hydraulic oil pump drive shaft was misused.†Single lip" caused by the oil seal.
B, to prevent water intrusion Hydraulic system oil contains excessive water, will make hydraulic components rust, oil emulsification deterioration, lubricant film strength, accelerate mechanical wear.
In addition to maintenance to prevent moisture intrusion, but also pay attention to when the oil storage tank is not used, it is necessary to tighten the lid, it is best to place it upside down; oil with a large amount of water to be filtered many times, each filter should be replaced once dried filter paper, When there is no special instrument to test, the oil can be dripped onto a hot iron plate. No steam can emerge and it can be immediately burned.
5) Precautions during operation The mechanical operation should be smooth and smooth, and mechanical operations should be avoided. Otherwise, the impact load will inevitably occur, causing frequent mechanical failures and greatly shortening the service life. The impact load caused by the operation, on the one hand, causes early wear, breakage and crushing of the mechanical structural parts. On the one hand, the hydraulic system generates impact pressure. The impact pressure causes the hydraulic components to be damaged and the oil seal and the high-pressure fuel pipe connector and the rubber tube are pressed together. Premature failure Oil leakage or explosion, frequent pressure relief valve oil temperature rise.
1) Choosing the right hydraulic oil Hydraulic oil plays the role of transmitting pressure, lubricating, cooling and sealing in the hydraulic system. The improper selection of hydraulic oil is the main reason for the early failure and durability of the hydraulic system. The hydraulic oil should be selected according to the grade specified in the random “operating instructionsâ€. When special oils need to be used, the performance should be the same as the original grade. Different brands of hydraulic oil can not be mixed to prevent the hydraulic oil from producing chemical reactions and changing properties. Dark brown, milky, odor-free hydraulic oil is a deteriorating oil and cannot be used.
2) It is the life of the hydraulic system to prevent solid impurities from mixing into the hydraulic system. There are many precision parts in the hydraulic system, some have small holes, some have gaps, and so on. If the solid impurities intruded will cause the precision joints to be damaged, hairpins, oil channel blockage, etc., endanger the safe operation of the hydraulic system. Common solid impurities invade the hydraulic system through: impervious hydraulic oil; impure cleaning tools; inadvertent refueling and maintenance, carelessness; and descaling of hydraulic components. Solid impurities can be prevented from invading the system in the following ways:
3) Maintenance and Cleaning of Hydraulic Oil
A. The hydraulic oil must be filtered and filled during refueling. The refueling tool should be cleaned reliably. It is not possible to remove the filter at the tank filler port in order to increase the refueling speed. Refuelling personnel should use clean gloves and work clothes to prevent solid impurities and fiber impurities from falling into the oil.
B. When dismantling, remove the cover of the hydraulic oil tank, the filter cover, the testing hole, the hydraulic oil pipe, etc., and avoid the dust when the system oil channel is exposed. The dismantling site must be thoroughly cleaned before opening. When disassembling the hydraulic fuel tank cap, remove the dirt around the fuel tank cap. After unscrewing the fuel tank cap, remove any debris that remains in the joint (do not flush it with water to prevent water from seeping into the tank). Make sure that the tank cap can be opened after cleaning. If you need to use the wiping material and the hammer, you should select the wiping material that can not get rid of the fiber impurities and the special hammer that attach the rubber on the striking surface. Hydraulic components, hydraulic hoses should be carefully cleaned, and then assembled with high pressure air. Use a genuine, well-packed filter cartridge (the internal packaging is damaged, and although the filter cartridge is in good condition, it may not be clean). Clean the filter at the same time when changing the oil. Before installing the filter element, clean the inside of the filter case with dirt by using a wiping material.
C. The hydraulic cleaning and cleaning oil of the hydraulic system must use the same hydraulic oil as that used in the system. The oil temperature should be between 45 and 80°C. Use large flow rates to remove impurities from the system as much as possible. The hydraulic system must be cleaned more than three times. After each cleaning, all the oil is released from the system when the oil is hot. After cleaning, clean the filter and replace it with a new one.
4) Prevent air and water from invading the hydraulic system
A. Prevent air intrusion Hydraulic system contains 6~8% volume of air in hydraulic oil at normal pressure and normal temperature. When the pressure decreases, the air will be released from the oil, and the air bubble breaks to make the hydraulic element “cavitation†and generate noise. . The large amount of air entering the oil will increase the phenomenon of “cavitationâ€, increase the compressibility of the hydraulic oil, make the work unstable, reduce the work efficiency, and cause adverse effects such as “crawling†on the actuator. In addition, the air will also oxidize the hydraulic oil and accelerate the deterioration of the oil. Prevent air intrusion should pay attention to the following points:
A1. After repairing and changing the oil, the air in the system must be excluded according to the “Operating Instructions†specified in order to operate normally.
A2. The suction nozzle of the hydraulic pump must not expose the oil surface. The suction pipeline must be sealed well.
A3, the seal of the oil pump drive shaft should be good, should pay attention to replace the oil seal when the "double lip" should be used genuine oil seal, can not be used "single lip" oil seal instead, because "single lip" oil seal can only one-way seal oil, do not have Sealing function. The unit once had a failure after the Liugong ZL50 loader was overhauled, and the hydraulic oil pump experienced continuous “cavitation†noise and the oil tank oil level rose automatically. After consulting the repair process of the hydraulic oil pump, it was discovered that the oil seal of the hydraulic oil pump drive shaft was misused.†Single lip" caused by the oil seal.
B, to prevent water intrusion Hydraulic system oil contains excessive water, will make hydraulic components rust, oil emulsification deterioration, lubricant film strength, accelerate mechanical wear.
In addition to maintenance to prevent moisture intrusion, but also pay attention to when the oil storage tank is not used, it is necessary to tighten the lid, it is best to place it upside down; oil with a large amount of water to be filtered many times, each filter should be replaced once dried filter paper, When there is no special instrument to test, the oil can be dripped onto a hot iron plate. No steam can emerge and it can be immediately burned.
5) Precautions during operation The mechanical operation should be smooth and smooth, and mechanical operations should be avoided. Otherwise, the impact load will inevitably occur, causing frequent mechanical failures and greatly shortening the service life. The impact load caused by the operation, on the one hand, causes early wear, breakage and crushing of the mechanical structural parts. On the one hand, the hydraulic system generates impact pressure. The impact pressure causes the hydraulic components to be damaged and the oil seal and the high-pressure fuel pipe connector and the rubber tube are pressed together. Premature failure Oil leakage or explosion, frequent pressure relief valve oil temperature rise.
1. Technical standard: BS EN 10202, DIN EN 10203, GB/T2520 , JIS G3303
2. Steel type: MR, SPCC
3. Thickness: 0.115 - 0.50 mm
4. Width: 600 - 1050 mm
5. Length: 600-1200mm
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