Application of base fertilizer and top dressing 1. The base fertilizer is usually applied in autumn or early spring, mainly with slow-acting fertilizers such as manure and soil manure, and mixed with inorganic fertilizer such as superphosphate, ash, urea, etc. The tree is mainly ditched and fertilized, while the adult tree is combined with ditch and spread. The fertilization site is on the outer edge of the vertical projection of the canopy. In order to induce the deep development of the root system, it is advisable to apply 60-80 cm. Sasha will also combine the autumn turn to turn the fat into 20 cm or less. The amount of fertilizer applied is 60%~80% of the annual application. In the past, it was used to fertilize during the slack in the winter, but the scientific practice proved that it is better to use the base fertilizer in autumn. After harvesting the fruit (September to October), the ground temperature is higher, which is conducive to decomposition of fertilizer rot. At this time, the root system is in the second growth peak period, and the root can regenerate new roots, which can promote root growth, increase absorption, increase the storage nutrient level of the tree, and have good ability to enrich flower buds, enhance wintering ability and flowering fruit set in the following year. effect. The peach trees fertilized in autumn are earlier than the spring fertilization, the amount of flowers is high, the quality of the flowers is good, and the fruit setting rate is high.
Second, topdressing and topdressing is to apply quick-acting fertilizers (including macroelements and trace elements) to meet and supplement the nutrients needed for a certain growth period of peach trees. The method of fertilization is a little applied, applied, ditch, and foliar spray or branch injection. Generally, the orchard will topdress 2 to 3 times a year. The number and time of specific topdressing should be determined according to the variety, yield and tree potential.
1. Before and after germination: The roots of peach roots begin to be active early in spring, so it is better to apply fertilizer before and after germination. Generally, it is appropriate to apply it after the thawing of the land and about 1 month before the germination of the peach tree. In particular, the tree with weak tree and high yield should be topdressed to supplement the lack of nutrients stored in the tree in the previous year and prepare for sprouting. After germination, in order to enrich the flower buds, improve the ability to flower and fruit, it is also necessary to topdress to supplement the storage nutrients of the tree. The fertilizer to be applied should be based on quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer.
2. Before and after flowering: Flower buds consume a large amount of storage nutrients. In order to improve the fruit setting rate and promote the growth and development of young fruit and new shoots and the growth of roots, the topdressing fertilizer should be based on quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer before and after flowering, supplemented with boron. When the soil fertility is high, it can be applied before the flower, and it is not applied after the flower. The sand has poor fertility and can be applied in two times.
3. The core begins to harden: this time is the transition period from the use of storage nutrition to the utilization of assimilated nutrients in the same year. The embryos begin to develop and grow rapidly, and the absorption of nutrients by the fruit begins to increase gradually. The new shoots grow vigorously and make flower bud differentiation. Material preparation. Therefore, the topdressing at this time should be based on potassium fertilizer, phosphorus and nitrogen.
4. Pre-harvest topdressing: The fruit rapidly expands 2 to 3 weeks before harvesting, and the application of potassium fertilizer or nitrogen-potassium combination can effectively increase yield and improve quality.
5. Post-harvest fertilization: Fertilization after harvesting, mainly phosphorus and potassium, mainly supplementing the consumption caused by a large number of results, enhancing the assimilation of the tree, enriching the tissue and flower buds, and improving the nutrient and wintering ability of the tree. It is mostly applied in September~10. Young orchards are generally not applied.
In addition to root application, the method of top dressing can also adopt the method of root dressing. Top dressing can be carried out all year round. It can be sprayed together with pest control. This method saves labor and time, has high utilization rate, and has quick effect. After 10 to 15 days after spraying, a certain reaction can be seen, and after 25 to 30 days, the effect disappears. For orchards with poor soil conditions, it is more advantageous to use this method to apply fertilizers containing elements such as boron, zinc and manganese. Certain elements such as calcium and iron are easily fixed when the soil conditions are poor, and are difficult to be absorbed by the roots, and are difficult to move in the tree. Therefore, symptoms of deficiency often occur. Foliar spray method is effective for correcting deficiency syndrome. Peach trees planted on the black soil of Shajiang are prone to iron deficiency symptoms. For example, continuous spraying of 2-3 times of 0.3% ferrous sulfate, the symptoms of deficiency can disappear. Some late-ripening peach fruits have cracked fruit due to calcium deficiency in the late growth stage. For example, when spraying 3~4 times of amino acid calcium or 0.3%~0.4% calcium chloride during fruit development, the cracking fruit is obviously reduced.
The foliar topdressing concentration is generally: urea 0.3%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3%~0.5%, ferrous sulfate 0.2%~0.5%, borax 0.3%, zinc sulfate 0.1% or 0.6% plus 0.5% lime (sleeping period 4%) ~5%), amino acid calcium 300~400 times liquid, calcium chloride 0.2%~0.3%. When mixed with pesticides, it should be strictly in accordance with the provisions of the pesticide instruction manual.
Second, topdressing and topdressing is to apply quick-acting fertilizers (including macroelements and trace elements) to meet and supplement the nutrients needed for a certain growth period of peach trees. The method of fertilization is a little applied, applied, ditch, and foliar spray or branch injection. Generally, the orchard will topdress 2 to 3 times a year. The number and time of specific topdressing should be determined according to the variety, yield and tree potential.
1. Before and after germination: The roots of peach roots begin to be active early in spring, so it is better to apply fertilizer before and after germination. Generally, it is appropriate to apply it after the thawing of the land and about 1 month before the germination of the peach tree. In particular, the tree with weak tree and high yield should be topdressed to supplement the lack of nutrients stored in the tree in the previous year and prepare for sprouting. After germination, in order to enrich the flower buds, improve the ability to flower and fruit, it is also necessary to topdress to supplement the storage nutrients of the tree. The fertilizer to be applied should be based on quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer.
2. Before and after flowering: Flower buds consume a large amount of storage nutrients. In order to improve the fruit setting rate and promote the growth and development of young fruit and new shoots and the growth of roots, the topdressing fertilizer should be based on quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer before and after flowering, supplemented with boron. When the soil fertility is high, it can be applied before the flower, and it is not applied after the flower. The sand has poor fertility and can be applied in two times.
3. The core begins to harden: this time is the transition period from the use of storage nutrition to the utilization of assimilated nutrients in the same year. The embryos begin to develop and grow rapidly, and the absorption of nutrients by the fruit begins to increase gradually. The new shoots grow vigorously and make flower bud differentiation. Material preparation. Therefore, the topdressing at this time should be based on potassium fertilizer, phosphorus and nitrogen.
4. Pre-harvest topdressing: The fruit rapidly expands 2 to 3 weeks before harvesting, and the application of potassium fertilizer or nitrogen-potassium combination can effectively increase yield and improve quality.
5. Post-harvest fertilization: Fertilization after harvesting, mainly phosphorus and potassium, mainly supplementing the consumption caused by a large number of results, enhancing the assimilation of the tree, enriching the tissue and flower buds, and improving the nutrient and wintering ability of the tree. It is mostly applied in September~10. Young orchards are generally not applied.
In addition to root application, the method of top dressing can also adopt the method of root dressing. Top dressing can be carried out all year round. It can be sprayed together with pest control. This method saves labor and time, has high utilization rate, and has quick effect. After 10 to 15 days after spraying, a certain reaction can be seen, and after 25 to 30 days, the effect disappears. For orchards with poor soil conditions, it is more advantageous to use this method to apply fertilizers containing elements such as boron, zinc and manganese. Certain elements such as calcium and iron are easily fixed when the soil conditions are poor, and are difficult to be absorbed by the roots, and are difficult to move in the tree. Therefore, symptoms of deficiency often occur. Foliar spray method is effective for correcting deficiency syndrome. Peach trees planted on the black soil of Shajiang are prone to iron deficiency symptoms. For example, continuous spraying of 2-3 times of 0.3% ferrous sulfate, the symptoms of deficiency can disappear. Some late-ripening peach fruits have cracked fruit due to calcium deficiency in the late growth stage. For example, when spraying 3~4 times of amino acid calcium or 0.3%~0.4% calcium chloride during fruit development, the cracking fruit is obviously reduced.
The foliar topdressing concentration is generally: urea 0.3%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3%~0.5%, ferrous sulfate 0.2%~0.5%, borax 0.3%, zinc sulfate 0.1% or 0.6% plus 0.5% lime (sleeping period 4%) ~5%), amino acid calcium 300~400 times liquid, calcium chloride 0.2%~0.3%. When mixed with pesticides, it should be strictly in accordance with the provisions of the pesticide instruction manual.
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