I. Soil Management Due to the high ridge planting of strawberries cultivated in protected areas, the soil can be kept loose and generally no need for cultivating. Therefore, the main content of soil management is mulching. Strawberry covered with plastic film can improve soil, save water and water, increase ground temperature and reduce humidity. The mulch film can be made of transparent film (improving ground temperature) or black film (controlling weeds), which is beneficial to plant growth and development and increase fruit yield. The period of film mulching should be determined according to the climatic environment and cultivation requirements. For wintering and cold protection, the frozen water is usually poured before the soil is frozen, and the surface is covered after 3 to 5 days. The film thickness is generally 0.008 to 0.02 mm. When covering, it is required to be tight, tight, and tightly sealed. The seedlings can be covered together, and when the temperature inside the protective ground is suitable for germination, the seedlings can be broken.
Second, scientific fertilization of strawberry fertilization, the demand for fertilizer is larger than other fruit trees, so it is necessary to have sufficient nutrient supply, especially the supply of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, which is more important.
1. Base fertilizer. The application of the base fertilizer should be carried out before planting, and the decomposed organic fertilizer should be applied. Due to the high density of strawberry planting, it is inconvenient to supplement the fertilizer in the growing season. Therefore, it is best to apply the base fertilizer once. The application rate is generally not less than 2000 kg of chicken manure or 5000 kg of high-quality manure per acre, and appropriate amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer can be added. The organic fertilizer should be applied after being cooked and fully mashed and spread evenly.
2. Topdressing. Topdressing can supplement the nutrients needed by strawberries in time, but it is necessary to master the principle of applying nitrogen and increasing phosphorus and potassium in an appropriate amount. The quantity and frequency are determined by soil fertility and plant growth and development. Generally, from the shed to the bud, it can be applied for about 10 days. The fertilizer is mainly composed of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer, and the dosage is 20 kg per mu.
3. Root dressing. Top dressing can increase the photosynthetic intensity of leaves, increase the respiration and enzyme activities of leaves, promote root development, increase fruit yield and improve fruit quality. Usually combined with spraying in the middle and late stages, foliar application of 0.3% to 0.5% urea solution, 0.3% to 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, 0.1% to 0.3% boric acid solution, 0.03% manganese sulfate solution, 0.01% The iron phosphate solution and the organic nutrient solution such as 883 Fengshenling and Zhibaosu promote the good development of the fruit in the middle and late period, increase the fruit weight and sugar content, make the fruit taste more delicious, and the commodity price is higher. The top dressing can be carried out in the bud stage, flowering stage and flower bud differentiation stage.
Third, reasonable watering. In the greenhouse, due to the covering of the shed film and the mulch film, water droplets are visible everywhere under the shed film and the mulch film, and the surface of the soil is also very moist. This gives the illusion that there is no shortage of water, but at this time, in the flowering period, combined with top dressing should be poured One permeable. From the perspective of production practice, whether the plant lacks water or not depends on whether the soil is wet or not. The important sign depends on whether the leaf edge of the plant in the morning is spit. Under normal circumstances, even if the soil is moist, if the plant does not spit water, it should be regarded as water shortage. This phenomenon is obvious in the morning, and disappears after 10 o'clock with the increase of room temperature. Watering should be stopped about 1 week after flowering, and watering should be combined with watering after flowering. During the fruit hypertrophy period, special attention should be paid to irrigation. When the seedlings are planted and need more water after planting, timely irrigation should be carried out in an appropriate amount. In the early spring, as long as it is not too dry, it can be properly irrigated, and the amount of irrigation should not be too large, so as not to reduce the ground temperature and affect the growth of roots. Water should be properly controlled before wintering to prevent plant growth and unfavorable wintering. The frozen water should be filled once before the soil is frozen, so that the strawberry can safely overwinter and promote the growth of the second spring.
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Hexagonal Gabion Box
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