Wall cracks are one of the common housing quality problems. The appearance of house cracks affects the appearance of the houses from a small extent, and seriously affects the structural carrying capacity of the entire house and even causes the collapse of houses. The common cracks in the wall are mainly divided into the following two categories, one is temperature cracks, and the other is cracks caused by uneven settlement of the foundation.
>>> Links: Causes and Treatments of Wall Cracking
Temperature cracks
Temperature cracks are the most common in a wall. Such cracks are common at the junctions of different materials, such as horizontal cracks at the intersection of a ring beam and a brick masonry. The general material has the performance of thermal expansion and contraction, and the structure of the house is deformed due to changes in the ambient temperature. The expansion coefficients of different materials are different, resulting in temperature cracks.
Solution
(1) There is no additional thermal insulation layer in the roof of the house. The roof panels are subject to more heat absorption by sunlight, and the addition of an air-insulating layer or the use of a heat-conducting material with a low heat-conducting property can effectively control the temperature rise of the panel. When the temperature of the panel is reduced, the temperature difference between the panel and the wall is greatly reduced, which can effectively prevent cracks in the top wall.
(2) For existing temperature cracks without affecting the structural safety, after the cracks are stabilized, they can be blocked with mortar.
Cracks caused by uneven foundation
The crack caused by the uneven settlement of the foundation is that after the house is built, the foundation will generally sink. If the settlement of the foundation is not uniform, relative displacement occurs between the site where the settlement is large and the site where the settlement is small, and shear force and tension are generated in the wall. When the additional internal force exceeds the tensile shear strength of the wall itself, cracks are generated. And these cracks will increase with the uneven settlement of the foundation.
Solution
(1) When the settling cracks occur after the settlement has developed slowly and tends to weaken, the cracks should be repaired after the cracks have stabilized. Repairs are generally treated with cement mortar, resin mortar caulking, or cement grouting.
(2) When the settlement cracks develop rapidly and there is an acceleration trend, temporary support measures should be taken to reduce the basic load and reinforce the foundation and then repair. Basic reinforcement is commonly used to increase the basic area method, pile foundation underpinning method, and grouting methods to change soil properties.
In addition, cracks in the wall may be formed during the construction of the project, or it may be caused by improper maintenance in the future. For the existing wall cracks, observe the shape and direction of the cracks, whether there is development trend, analyze the causes of the cracks, and determine the nature of the cracks. Determine whether the crack has any effect on the safety of the housing structure. If you do not affect security, simply do it. If the impact is great, appropriate technical measures must be taken to reinforce it. If there is indeed no repair value, it must be dismantled as soon as possible.
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