Sweet cherry is a fruit tree of arbor, the tree has a large amount of growth, and the roots are shallow, and the fertilizer is high, which requires higher soil fertility, especially soil permeability. Pay attention to the following aspects when applying fertilizer .
   1  Pay attention to the role of organic fertilizer
   Some people think that the cherry garden does not need to apply organic fertilizer, and the high soil fertility will lead to the growth of the tree . In fact, this is a big mistake. On the one hand, organic fertilizer can improve the physical properties of the soil and increase the permeability of the soil. On the other hand, the organic fertilizer is rich in various nutrient elements. Cherry is a shallow-rooted tree species. Root growth must have a good soil environment and nutrient conditions in order to allow the tree to grow and develop normally. Cherry requires the appropriate pH of the soil to be 6.5-7.5 , while long-term use of chemical fertilizers not only causes soil compaction, poor permeability, but also leads to acidification of the soil, the tree gradually weakens, and the deficiency syndrome occurs seriously. According to the survey, long-term use of fertilizers, soil pH to 5 or less, or even lower, 4.4. In production, it is necessary to increase the amount of organic fertilizer used and reduce the amount of chemical fertilizer.
   2  Pay attention to the role of nitrogen fertilizer
   In terms of the use of chemical fertilizers, many aspects emphasize the role of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. It is believed that the application of nitrogen fertilizer will be long, the fruit set rate is low, and a large amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is used. In fact, the period of use and the amount of nitrogen fertilizer used properly, will not cause long. Instead, the tree in the absence of nitrogen nutrition conditions, flower bud formation and quality be affected, irregular flowering, flowers of different sizes, stigma short, low fruit set, fruit drop severely. The long-term application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers has caused the balance of various nutrients in the soil to be broken, the tree is weak, and the yield and quality are declining. Cherry Orchard years if administering P and K, available phosphorus and potassium content were effective 295mg / L and 926mg / L, outside of the optimum range of 10-20mg / L, more than 80mg / L of 20 times and 10 times. Because the soil phosphorus and potassium content is too high, it inhibits the absorption of nitrogen, magnesium and other elements in the tree. Even if the soil is not lacking, such as soil available Ca, effective magnesium content reached 1440, 1970mg / L, respectively, outside of the optimum range of 440, 100mg / L of nearly 2-fold, 18-fold, but the tree can not absorb the calcium normally The contents of total calcium and total magnesium of the leaves, such as magnesium , were 1.2% and 0.34% , both lower than the lower limit of the appropriate range of 1.62% and 0.49% . The photosynthesis ability of the leaves was poor, and sufficient nutrients could not be produced , and the cracked fruit seriously occurred. In order to avoid such a result, it is necessary to rationally fertilize and balance nutrition. Nitrogen fertilizer was applied before germination and after fruit picking. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizer was applied during fruit expansion and in August and September . The amount of application is based on the yield of the tree. For each 50 kg of fruit produced , 0.6 kg of phosphorus, 0.3 kg of potassium, and 0.4 kg of nitrogen were applied .
   3  Pay attention to nutrition
   In addition to the preference for phosphorus and potassium fertilizers in the use of chemical fertilizers, there are only three nutrients of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium , and little or no application of medium and trace element fertilizers, especially calcium, magnesium, boron and zinc fertilizers.
   The use of organic fertilizers also appears as a single species. It is manifested in the large and long-term use of chicken manure, or some kind of organic fertilizer, which leads to soil nutrient imbalance. For example, chicken manure contains 1.6% nitrogen , 1.5% phosphorus , 0.8% potassium , and more nitrogen and phosphorus, but magnesium is scarce. Therefore, when fertilizing, not only the application of a large number of elements, but also the use of medium and trace elements such as calcium and magnesium can not be ignored . The application of organic fertilizer requires mixed fermentation of various livestock and poultry manure, or alternate application of various organic fertilizers.
   4  Fertilization method should be appropriate
   When some fruit farmers apply organic fertilizer, they adopt the method of ground cover, and do not carry out ditching or deep turning. Due to the fattening of the root system, the roots move up and become shallower. As the fertilizer is applied to the surface, the elements that are not easily moved by phosphorus are reduced by the amount of absorption by the tree. In addition, when fertilizing the ditch, the fertilization ditch is too shallow, less than 30 cm , and the root system is not carefully protected during fertilization, and the root system is often cut or injured.
   If the method of ground application is adopted, it is necessary to spread the fertilizer into the soil after the application. When the furrow depth of the groove to reach more than 40cm, the root system to induce deep extension. When deep turning or trenching, the facet should be parallel to the trunk radiation to reduce damage to the root system.
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