The basic nature of crystal : the basic properties of crystal are determined by its chemical composition and crystal structure, which constitute the basis for its scientific identification.
(1) The name of the mineral, the mineral name of the crystal is quartz.
(2) Chemical composition, the chemical composition of crystal is sio2, and the crystal also contains trace amounts of Al, Tt, Fe and other ions to present different colors.
(3) Morphology, the crystal belongs to the trigonal crystal system, and the crystal is a polyhedron of a rhombohedron, a hexagonal column and a three-sided double cone, and a horizontal grain is often developed on the crystal cylinder surface.
(4) Transparency, the transparency of the crystal is related to its color, the transparency of the colorless crystal is very high, and the transparency decreases as the color deepens.
(5) Gloss, the crystal has a typical glass luster, and the fracture is greased.
(6) Hardness, crystal hardness is relatively large and relatively stable, and its Hm=7.
(7) The relative density and the relative density of the crystal are relatively low and stable, and the value is 2.65.
(8) Refractive index, the refractive index of the crystal is relatively stable, the refractive index value is 1.544-1.553, the birefringence value is 0.009, and the jewel dispersion is low.
(9) Color, crystal color is rich, often colorless, purple, yellow, green, pink, brown, black and other colors, most of the crystals have no dichroism, only amethyst has obvious dichroism.
(10) Inclusion characteristics, crystals often contain irregular flocculent gas and liquid two-phase inclusions. There are tiger-grained crack inclusions in the amethyst; mineral inclusions such as slender, fibrous amphibole, tourmaline, goethite, etc. can be seen in the crystal.
(11) Special optical effect, when the solid inclusion body or gas-liquid inclusion body in the crystal is oriented, it will produce a six-shot starlight effect, and the cat's eye effect waits for a special optical effect.
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