When working with a selenium rectifier, it's important to determine the appropriate rectifying current based on the size of the selenium sheet. The current rating varies depending on the dimensions of the material. For example, when the area of the selenium is 23x23 mm, it can typically handle up to 150 mA of rectified current. If the size increases to 40x40 mm, the maximum allowable rectified current can go up to 600 mA. If multiple selenium sheets are used in parallel, the total rectifying current capacity can be increased without requiring a larger individual sheet. This makes it an efficient way to boost current handling while keeping the physical size of each component manageable. In terms of voltage rating, each selenium sheet generally has a breakdown voltage of around 18 volts. It's important to note that the glossy side of the sheet, which doesn't have a frame, is the positive terminal, while the matte side, which is framed, is the negative terminal. When using the selenium sheet, these polarity markings must be carefully observed and not reversed, as incorrect connections can damage the device or cause failure. To increase the voltage rating, selenium sheets can be connected in series. For instance, if two sheets are connected in series, the total voltage rating becomes 36 volts, which is double that of a single sheet. Similarly, connecting four sheets in series would result in a total voltage rating of 72 volts. This method is often used when higher voltage tolerance is required. Selenium also has some unique properties, such as strong overload capability. In certain situations, if the selenium sheet is punctured, it may be able to self-heal to some extent, depending on the severity of the damage. These characteristics make selenium a reliable and versatile component in various applications, from power supplies to industrial electronics. Due to its durability and performance under stress, selenium has found widespread use in both industrial and everyday applications. Whether in small electronic devices or larger power systems, its reliability continues to make it a valuable material in modern technology.
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