To grow high-quality water spinach, effective management is essential. The author suggests the following five key steps to ensure successful cultivation:
First, land preparation:
Water spinach grows rapidly and has strong branching capabilities, requiring a significant amount of water and nutrients. It's important to apply sufficient base fertilizer and mix it evenly with the soil. This should be done a few days before planting, and then a new high-fat membrane soil can be sprayed on the surface to reduce evaporation, protect against sunlight, drought, and cold, while also preventing soil crusting, pest infestation, and disease.
Second, seed soaking and germination:
The seeds of water spinach have a thick and hard coat, which makes direct sowing slow, especially in cooler conditions. Therefore, it's recommended to pre-treat the seeds with a new high-fat membrane coating and soak them in warm water for 18 to 20 hours. Afterward, wrap the seeds in a sand cloth and place them in a germination box at 30°C. When about 50% to 60% of the seeds show white tips, they are ready to be sown.
Third, sowing:
Water spinach can be sown by either spreading or broadcasting. The average seeding rate per acre ranges from 1.5 kg to 2.0 kg. After spreading, cover the seeds with fine soil about 1 cm thick. Alternatively, drill shallow furrows about 2 to 3 cm deep, spaced 15 cm apart. Place the seeds evenly in the furrows and cover them with fine soil. Then, use a shade net to cover the area and spray water. Once the seedlings emerge, the shade net can be removed.
Fourth, fertilizer and water management, and pest control:
Water spinach is typically harvested multiple times, so it requires both sufficient base fertilizer and several top-dressing applications. Applying a new high-fat film along with targeted pesticides enhances the absorption of active ingredients, improves efficiency, and reduces the risk of evaporation. This method also helps regulate water intake, preventing drought and damage from heavy rain.
Fifth, growth period:
During the peak growth stage, applying a strong stem solution can promote thicker stems, larger leaves, and healthier plants. This not only increases the plant’s resistance to environmental stress but also reduces the need for chemical fertilizers and pesticides, leading to safer and more sustainable production.
By following these detailed steps, farmers can significantly improve the quality and yield of their water spinach crops, ensuring a profitable and environmentally friendly harvest.
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