As an important basic energy source that supports China's national economic development since the reform and opening up, coal – due to the intensification of air pollution, the controversy caused by the past two years is very large. China's resource endowment of "rich coal and less oil and gas shortage" determines that coal will remain China's main energy source for a long time to come. In June of this year, General Secretary Xi Jinping proposed the development direction of accelerating the energy production and consumption revolution at the sixth meeting of the Central Finance Leading Group. Among them, how to use coal rationally and scientifically to make it a clean resource has become a very urgent issue.
Li Ruiguo is the chairman of Qingdao Triel Environmental Boiler Engineering Co., Ltd., which is mainly engaged in the research and development and utilization of composite carbon pulp. It will use solid coal slurry and utilize it, which not only can reduce pollutant emissions, but also increase coal. The economic benefits of utilization. Li Ruiguo believes that coal is a neutral energy source and should not be equated with environmental pollution. At present, the pollution caused by coal is caused by the unreasonable use of coal by traditional coal-burning methods.
"Energy": Composite carbon slurry technology, compared with the traditional coal-fired method, where is the advantage?
Li Ruiguo: The traditional method of burning coal is from the perspective of transportation. It is a kind of bulk burning and bulk transportation. In the process of combustion, the traditional burning coal from the belt conveyor goes to the boiler, which will produce more cinder and coal ash. In terms of combustion technology, the burnout rate is low, and waste waste gas emissions are polluted. The composite carbon slurry is an upgraded product developed on the basis of coal water slurry. On the basis of the previous coal water slurry, the solid content is added, and the water and water content are reduced, which is a fluid fuel. The transportation process avoids the pollution of transportation and loading and unloading process through pipelines, and its safety is greatly improved compared with the flammable and explosive of oil, gas and coal powder. The composite carbon slurry is also suitable for various boilers. In the combustion process, almost 100% of the burnout is completed, the burnout rate and the conversion efficiency of the boiler are both high, and the fuel is saved. The boiler is sealed and the pollution is less, so from an environmental point of view And economically, it has an advantage over traditional coal burning.
"Energy": The chemical composition of coal determines the sulphide and nitrogen oxides that are inevitably produced by burning coal. This is also one of the "black hands behind the scenes" of smog formation. How to deal with this pollution?
Li Ruiguo: Our technology is processed from three stages: pre-combustion, combustion, and post-combustion. In the early stage of the pulping process, a desulfurization functional agent was added, and the additive was added during the pulping. This combustion technology can effectively suppress the generation of dust of small particles and reduce PM2.5 emissions. The whole transportation is canned transportation. After burning, there is only ash, and the ash is also pulled by the concrete mixer to the concrete mixing station as an additive. After coal slurry utilization, the desulfurization efficiency can reach 70%, the initial emission concentration of sulfur dioxide is less than 400mg/Nm3, soot emissions are 20mg/Nm3, SO emissions are 20mg/Nm3, and NO emissions are 100mg/Nm3. For example, it is like adding a Chinese medicine to the coal to treat high-emission and high-pollution coal. Not only coal, water, stabilizers, but also desulfurizers, denitrification agents and mercury removal agents are added. During the combustion process, the harmful substances such as sulfur and nitrogen in the coal are naturally generated, and the initial emission concentration is greatly increased. reduce. Eventually, the combustion technology of the composite carbon slurry reaches the natural gas emission standard.
"Energy": The efficient use of coal should not only emphasize cleanliness, but also economics is an important factor in market promotion. How is the economics of composite carbon slurry technology and how to solve transportation problems?
Li Ruiguo: The coal-burning method of composite carbon slurry is essentially different from the traditional extensive coal-burning method. The traditional coal-fired mode utilization rate and combustion efficiency are lower, and the pollution emission is high. It is a one-sided pursuit of GDP growth and neglected. The behavior of the environment. China's energy structure with rich coal, less oil and less gas determines that the price of coal is lower than fuel and gas. Our cost price and coal-to-coal ratio are comparable. If the emission standards are unified, our cost is lower. Whether it is the total investment or the entire combustion equipment and operation, the cost is about 5% lower. .
Traditionally, coal is transported by road and rail. From loading and unloading to transportation, it is a process of environmental pollution, and the transportation cost is high, and the loading and unloading process is easy to wear out. We can now transport the slurry through the pipeline and produce it at the port. After the production of the coal water slurry, it can be transported through pipelines or tankers. Which method is more cost-effective depends on the user's usage.
"Energy": As a upgrading product of coal water slurry, composite carbon slurry is better than the technical advantage of coal water slurry.
Li Ruiguo: The composite carbon slurry uses the suspended fluidized high-efficiency clean combustion technology, which is a revolutionary technology of China's coal-water slurry combustion technology. Furnace problems are between 850 and 950 degrees, including desulfurization and denitrification, but have a crucial role. This technology is our cooperation with Shanghai Jiaotong University. It has reached the world's leading level and is unique to China in the past six years.
"Energy": In fact, coal water slurry is not a new thing for us. China's research on coal water slurry started in the late 1970s and early 1980s, but it has not achieved large-scale marketing. What difficulties have you encountered in the promotion of coal clean utilization technology?
Li Ruiguo: In 2014, Premier Li Keqiang’s work report also pointed out that 50,000 small and medium-sized direct-fired boilers were eliminated this year. This is undoubtedly good news for the efficient use of coal. Coal is a neutral resource, but when it comes to coal, people think that coal is dirty and will cause environmental pollution. In some places, coal color change has been introduced, and various "forbidden coal" measures have been introduced. The coal has completely disappeared from people's lives overnight. In many local environmental protection departments, all coal-related projects are negated, and the total coal in various places is The limitation of quantity brings great difficulties to the large-scale popularization and application of industrial boilers.
Nowadays, clean energy is considered to be solar energy, wind energy, bioenergy and nuclear power, and coal water slurry technology cannot be classified as clean energy. This is a headache for us. In fact, coal water slurry, or composite carbon slurry, is not coal. It is a new technology for comprehensive utilization of coal and a kind of clean energy. Clean energy refers to a form of energy that relies on a controlled technical system and has a micro-emission, and is not truly zero-emission. Clean energy is a technical system. Take solar power as an example. Although solar energy does not pollute the environment when it is working, there are emissions of trichlorosilane and silicon tetrachloride in the production of solar panels. The evaluation of clean energy cannot Just look at one point. Based on China's resource endowment, coal will still be used in large quantities in the future. People need to change the misunderstanding of coal. Only by strengthening the clean and efficient use of coal can we fundamentally improve the environment.
"Energy": The technology of composite carbon slurry, which is mainly for coal burning projects? What is the future development plan of Trill?
Li Ruiguo: The composite carbon slurry is mainly for industrial boilers. At present, small and medium-sized industrial boilers account for a very large proportion in China. Due to the lack of environmental protection facilities, these boilers have many pollutants and are one of the main sources of air pollution. Governing these emissions is decisive for the improvement of China's environment.
Our plan is still based on the Shandong Peninsula, with Qingdao Dongjiakou Port as the “base areaâ€, radiating about 150 kilometers, and there are direct pipelines from Dongjiakou to the two power plants in Qingdao. Weihai also has a large production base under planning, and Weifang has also built a section to spread the entire Weifang Dongying area. In addition to the large-scale production base for blue economy construction in Shandong Peninsula, we have carried out small-scale cogeneration and regional heating on the entire Shandong map. This will change the high cost and pollution pattern of traditional bulk coal transportation. After burning a small amount of ash, it can be unified and concentrated in the local concrete mixing station to form a circular economy, which is energy efficient and protects the environment.
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