According to a report by the Physicist Organization Network on June 20th, scientists at the University of California, San Diego, used infrared beams to excite electron waves along the surface of graphene, and proved that they can control these so-called plasmons through simple circuits. The length and height of the oscillating wave. The relevant research report was published on the online version of the June 21 issue of Nature. This is the first time that a plasmon has been observed on graphene, and it is also an important step in information processing using a plasmon in a tight space where light cannot be used. Just as light can carry complex signals through optical fibers, plasmons can also be used to transmit information. But plasmons can only carry information in tighter spaces. Dimitri Basov, a professor of physics at the school, said: "Everyone doubts whether plasmons will appear, but seeing is believing, the images we take can prove their spread and the outside control. To make this equipment, researchers stripped graphene from the graphite and placed it on a silicon dioxide chip. An infrared laser is then applied to the surface of the graphene to excite the plasmons, and these waves are measured using an ultra-sensitive atomic force microscope cantilever. Although the transmitted waves are basically unmeasurable, when they reach the edge of the graphene, they can reflect waves like water ripples. The oscillations returning from the edge will increase or cancel the subsequent waves, creating a unique interference pattern that reveals the wavelength and amplitude of these waves. In addition, scientists can change the interference pattern by controlling the electrodes formed on the electrodes attached to the surface of the graphene and the pure silicon layer under the chip. Researchers say that because the wavelength of light is hundreds of nanometers, it is impossible to limit light to the nanoscale. However, the use of light can excite surface plasmons with a length in the range of about 100 nanometers, which can pass from one side of the chip to the other at an ultra-high speed. Scientists say this is one of the shortest measured plasmon wavelengths, but the waves can travel as far as they do in metals such as gold. Unlike metal-based plasmons, graphene plasmons can be adjusted as needed. By monitoring graphene plasmons, researchers can understand how electrons play in this new form of carbon, and how their basic interactions will govern their properties. Bassov stressed: "Graphene optoelectronics and information processing are very promising, and we hope that this research will help the development of related technologies in the future."
Ferric Citrate,Ferrous Citrate,Magnesium Citrate,Potassium Citrate
Jiangsu Kolod Food Ingredients Co., Ltd. , http://www.kolodchem.com