Corn roughing disease, commonly known as "sitting slope" and "wannqing", also known as "corn cancer", is a viral disease caused by corn roughing virus infection. Under natural conditions, only Laodelphax striatellus is the main transmission. The toxic mediator is a persistent drug. Since the outbreak of the disease in the country in the 1990s, it has caused huge losses to China's corn production every year, which generally results in a 10% to 50% reduction in corn production, and even production.
1 characteristics of corn rough disease
Maize is most susceptible to disease before the 6-leaf stage, and symptoms appear in the 7-8 stage. There are tiny protrusions on the veins on the back of the diseased leaves, which are white dotted lines. The heart leaves are curled up and cannot stretch normally. The leaves are short and wide, the leaves are dark green, the internodes are short and short, the plants are seriously dwarfed, and the roots are few and short, sometimes produced. Too many points, too many headings. Some of the susceptible plants are capable of heading, but they are not able to be normal and the yield loss is serious.
2 Technical measures for prevention and control of corn rough disease
(1) Advocating not to grow spring corn in recent years, is in the epidemic year of corn rough disease. If the farming system is reformed, no spring corn is planted, other crops are replanted, and the route of drug source is cut off, which can cause the disease to fade early.
(2) Selection of resistant varieties This is the most economical and effective way to solve the problem of corn rough disease. Different corn varieties have certain differences in disease resistance of rough disease.
(3) Adjusting the sowing date of the corn, avoiding the corn planted in the middle of May in the peak of the poisoning peak of the gray planthopper, and catching up with the peak of the poisoning peak of the gray planthopper after emergence, and then the 3 to 5 leaf stage of the corn It is susceptible, so the incidence rate is the highest. Therefore, adjusting the sowing date can prevent the peak period of the poisoning period and reduce the incidence of the disease. Should be adapted to local conditions, the implementation of spring corn suitable for early sowing, early filming, summer corn suitable for late sowing, heavy areas to minimize planting area.
(4) Remove grass weeds in weeds, fields, ditch, etc., which are the intermediate hosts of the poisonous planthoppers. Before the emergence of corn, weeds in the fields, clearing roads and ditch, reducing the intermediate host and preventing The gray planthopper migrates to the corn after the emergence of the corn, thereby reducing the source of the poison.
(5) Strengthen the fitness training of corn seedling stage to adjust the water and fertilizer reasonably, and spray the growth regulator and foliar fertilizer in time to improve the disease resistance of the plant.
(6) The prevention and treatment of chemical control agents should be carried out in four key periods, and low-toxic and high-efficiency pesticides should be selected to control the rule in order to receive good results.
1 When the corn is planted, the seed coater containing the systemic insecticide or the corn seed dressing agent is used to treat the corn seed to achieve the purpose of repelling the gray planthopper, and the poisoning of the seed can also be better. Prevention and treatment.
2 Wheat grain filling stage In the early stage of wheat grain filling in mid-May, it is the key period to prevent and control the young nymphs of the first generation of gray planthoppers. At this time, the development trend of the gray planthoppers is grasped in time, and the imidacloprid (10g) is used for the centralized use of the nymphs at the peak of the younger nymphs. / acre) or chlorpyrifos (50 g / acre) and other systemic pesticides, spray treatment on wheat fields and roadsides, uncleaned weeds in the ditch, pay attention to the amount of water used in spraying, spray evenly to ensure Insect control effect.
3 During the maturity of wheat, due to the greening of the gray planthopper, at the end of May and early June, after the wheat matures, the first generation of the gray planthoppers migrated from the wheat field to the surrounding spring corn field, and transferred to the spring maize seedlings. At this time, 3 to 5 The corn seedlings of the leaves are sensitive to the susceptible period, so it is necessary to grasp the opportunity. In the early stage of the migration of the gray planthopper, the drug is used in the corn field. 50 grams per mus or 20-30 grams of imidacloprid and 50 grams of virus A50 grams. Mixing water spray, once every 3 to 5 days, even spraying 3 to 4 times, has a good preventive effect on the disease.
4 In the early stage of the disease, you can use 1.5% phytopathogenic 800 times solution, or 20% virus nin 1,000 times solution, 20% virus A wettable powder 60 grams respectively, add 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution and spray it, which can be effectively controlled. Onset. The use of antiviral preparations must highlight the word "early". After the 5-leaf stage of corn, the control and therapeutic effects are poor.
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