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As a new type of carbon material, biochar has a wide range of applications in agriculture and the environment, such as improving soil structure and fertility, increasing crop yields, and absorbing heavy metals and organic pollutants. However, there are few studies on biochar degrading pollutants at home and abroad.
Based on this, the Fang Guodong system of the Zhou Dongmei Research Group of the Nanjing Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences carried out research on the catalytic conversion of organic pollutants from biochar. He found that biochar can effectively catalyze the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide and degrade polychlorinated biphenyls using electronic paramagnetic resonance technology. The mechanism of catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide by biochar was illustrated, and persistent free radicals (PFRs) were found to be the main driving force for the degradation of pollutants. The results were published in Environ. Sci. Technol. (2014, 48 (3), 1902. -1910); In addition, the discovery of PFRs in carbon materials also helps to analyze the mechanism of catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide by other carbon materials (such as activated carbon, graphene, etc.). The results are published in Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. (2014, 53 (51), 19925–19933). Further studies have found that PFRs in biochar can induce reactive oxygen species under the presence of oxygen, which can effectively degrade low concentrations of diethyl phthalate. The results of this study are published in Bioresource Technology (2015, 176, 210–217).
Although previous studies have found the existence of PFRs in biochar and their important role in the catalytic conversion of pollutants, the mechanism for the formation of PFRs is unclear. By regulating the contents of metals and organics in biomass, the concentration and type of PFRs can be successfully controlled, and the controlled biochar can effectively catalyze the degradation of polychlorinated biphenyls by persulfate. The results of related studies were recently published online in Environ. Sci. Technol. 2015. (DOI: 10.1021/es5061512). The above work provides a new direction for the study of biochar, and it also provides a new technology for chemically remediation of organic contaminated soil.
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