When storing pests for chemical control, it's essential to use the right pesticide in a scientific and effective manner. Here’s a detailed guide from **China Pesticide Network** on how to properly manage stored grain pests:
1. **Insect-Resistant Phosphorus**: This is one of the most commonly used pesticides in rural areas for controlling stored grain pests. It's known for being highly effective, low in toxicity, and leaving minimal residue. Insect-resistant phosphorus has a long-lasting effect and works well against pests like corn grain elephants, sawtoothed grain beetles, long-horned flat snails, and wheat moths. It's a high-purity malathion formulation suitable for mixing with food grains. Make sure the mixture is even, and it's best to apply it before the grain enters the warehouse, ideally after drying. A spray method can be used, applying a 20 ppm solution of insecticidal phosphorus evenly over the grain. The moisture content of the grain should not exceed 13% to remain within safe standards. Avoid mixing it with dichlorvos, as this can cause toxic reactions.
There should be a four-month safety interval between application and processing.
2. **Grain-Saving Phosphorus**: Developed by the Chengdu Grain Storage Science Research Institute under the State Grain Administration, this agent is specifically designed for protecting stored grains. It's especially suitable for small-scale rural storage. The recommended ratio is 1:2500 — meaning 100 grams of grain-saving phosphorus can be mixed with 250 kg of raw grain. Before using, ensure the grain is dry and free from insects or nearly free of them.
3. **Insecticide Phosphorus (Methyl Pyrimidine Phosphorus)**: This is an internationally recognized grain protection agent. Its common dosage for controlling stored grain pests is around 5 ppm. It’s effective against a wide range of pests and is often used in combination with other methods for better results.
4. **Cereal Net (Cereal Protectant)**: This is a botanical insecticide made from 4–6 types of Chinese herbal medicines and a small amount of chemical agent. It has strong repellent, contact, and insecticidal properties. It emits a pleasant herbal scent and is very effective against pests. The recommended ratio is 1:2500 — for example, 200 grams of the powder can be mixed with 400–500 kg of grain.
5. **Aluminum Phosphide (Fumigant)**: Commonly used by farmers, aluminum phosphide tablets are typically 3 grams each. The usual dosage is 1–2 tablets per cubic meter, or about 5 tablets per ton of grain. When applying, place each tablet in a small cloth bag, tie it securely, and distribute them evenly throughout the grain pile. Seal the storage area immediately, paying special attention to sealing the bottom. After fumigation lasting 5–6 days, ventilate for 3–5 days. Then remove the bags and dispose of them safely, away from water sources, by burying them deeply in the soil.
**Tips from the Pesticide Network**: These products are intended for use on raw grains and seeds only. They should not be used on processed flour or rice.
By following these guidelines, you can effectively protect your stored grains from pests while ensuring safety and compliance with agricultural standards. Always read and follow the manufacturer’s instructions carefully.
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