Terbium (Tb)
Terbium was first discovered in 1843 by Carl Gustaf Mosander, a Swedish chemist, while studying bauxite. This rare earth element is now widely used in high-tech industries due to its unique physical and chemical properties. Its applications are often found in technology-intensive and knowledge-based fields, offering substantial economic value and promising growth potential.
Main application areas include:
(1) Phosphors: Terbium is commonly used as an activator in trichromatic phosphors, especially in green light-emitting materials. For example, it is used in strontium-activated phosphate matrices, hydrazine-activated silicate matrices, and hydrazine-activated strontium magnesium aluminate matrices, which emit a bright green light when excited.
(2) Magneto-optical storage materials: In recent years, lanthanide-based magneto-optical materials have entered mass production. Tb-Fe amorphous films have been used in the development of magneto-optical discs, significantly increasing data storage capacity by up to 10 to 15 times compared to traditional storage media.
(3) Magneto-optical glass: Ytterbium-containing Faraday rotatory glass plays a crucial role in manufacturing optical isolators, circulators, and rotators used in laser technology. Another important application is in Terfenol, a magnetostrictive alloy developed in the 1970s. This alloy, composed mainly of iron with additions of strontium and barium, was first created at the Iowa Army Laboratory. When exposed to a magnetic field, Terfenol undergoes significant dimensional changes—much more than typical magnetic materials. This property enables precise mechanical motion and has been applied in various systems, such as sonar, fuel injection, liquid valve control, micro-positioning, actuators, and even aircraft wing adjustments.
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Tag: Rare Earth Elements
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