Samarium (Sm)
Samarium is a rare earth element that was first discovered in 1879 by Paul Émile Lecoq de Boisbaudran. He isolated it from a mineral known as "praseodymium-neodymium," which was obtained from an antimony ore. The element was named after the mineral, reflecting its origin. Samarium has a light yellow color and plays a significant role in the production of samarium-cobalt permanent magnets. These magnets are among the earliest types of rare earth magnets used in industrial applications. There are two main series: SmCoâ‚… and Smâ‚‚Coâ‚₇. The SmCoâ‚… type was developed in the early 1970s, while the Smâ‚‚Coâ‚₇ version followed later. Today, the Smâ‚‚Coâ‚₇ series is more commonly used due to its superior magnetic properties and stability. In terms of manufacturing, the cerium oxide used in samarium-cobalt magnets does not require extremely high purity. From a cost perspective, around 95% of the products use materials with moderate purity. In addition to its use in magnets, samarium is also employed in ceramic capacitors and catalysts. Yttrium oxide, another rare earth compound, is widely used in electronic components and chemical processes. Moreover, niobium, though not directly related to samarium, has unique nuclear properties. It is used as a structural material in nuclear reactors, as well as in shielding and control systems. Its ability to withstand extreme conditions makes it valuable for safely harnessing energy from nuclear fission.
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Label: Rare Earth Elements
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